Management and Indian Culture Essay

1. Evaluate the managerial style of Brian Moseley and explain how it fits with Indian culture. Be specific in identifying any mistakes Brian made in managing Indian workers. * Brian spoke with managers and employees, made mental notes of conversations (3 months) * Identified employees whom he felt should be replaced and whom had greatest potential for advancement * After 3 months, met with senior managers and proposed that they collectively formulate turnaround strategy * Suggested changes such as pay-for-performance programs, annual performance reviews, management by objectives, 360-performance appraisal program * Highly frustrated, he sometimes criticized members of managerial team in front of subordinates relationship with managers became increasingly strained * â€Å"Big Boss† manager who had little understanding of Indian culture * Rajan criticized Brian as being too direct and forceful â€Å"culturally imperialistic†, saying Brian was too immature, concerned that Brian was trying to change culture to fit American Management * His style of management was way too direct and forceful, didn’t fit with the Indian culture at all as they are more relaxed and laid back. * He made the mistake by trying to force it upon all the managers and if they didn’t give in, they should just quit, which they did. 2. Rank the following principals and justify the ranking in terms of responsibility for the lack of change at the Bindi Brake Company: Brian, Rajan, Aspen, the Indian Manager. * Brian – Although he was very excited to implement change, he didn’t implement the change according to the differences in cultures that India is accustomed to. He tried to hard to implement an American strategy rather than adapting to the culture surrounding him. * Indian Manager – I believe that hes the most responsible because people that work for the company look up to the manager, listens to the manager and will accept changes in the company if the manager asks them to do so. Because of their refusal to accept changes, they didn’t initiate or implement the strategies towards their employees, which made it that much more difficult to implement change. * Rajan – he was being stubborn and not listening to his directing officer. Even though he didn’t believe in the change process, he could’ve at least attempted to implement the change within the employees to see if it would make the company more efficient. His refusal to accept responsibility and take action caused the company’s plans to fail. * Aspen – sent an employee who they thought was experienced and competent to complete the job. 3. What could each of the above-named principals have done differently to avoid the situation? * Brian – adapted to the cultures instead of being stubborn and trying to implement a completely new culture into an organization that isn’t accustomed to it * Indian Manager – listen to his commanding officer and attempted to improve the company * Rajan – instead of being negative about all the ideas, comply to them and test them and see where it goes. Offer suggestions instead of just refusing to do anything * Aspen – monitor Brians progress and see how well he’s doing. Hire a more competent and easy-going person for the job 4. What should Brian do now? * He should learn to adapt to the Indian culture and develop new strategies to implement in order to improve the companies efficiency. *   * Brian selected to direct organizational change effort because of his past accomplishments, to improve overall efficiency and profitability of Bindi Brake Company * MBA in management from Michigan State * Bindi produced reasonably high-quality breaks, low labour costs, but just not efficient * Plant crippled with bureaucracy and there was no incentive for exceptional performance * Too many employees drinking tea and socializing instead of working * No performance reviews, pay for performance was never considered * Employees were never fired, even if they were not suited and performed poorly * Pay increases based on sonority, hired based on relation with current employees, high # of sick days * All of the managers were Indian and educated at Indian universities. * Rajan Patel – studied in London, postgrad for Econ, Brian felt he was one of the most promising candidates for advancement, hoped that he would take lead in change in management program * Brian became dissatisfied with progress by Indian Managers

Police Departments’ Use of Racial Profiling Essay

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The concept and practice of racial profiling by the law enforcement agencies specifically, the police, has drawn the attention and concern of the public including the government. Racial profiling is defined as â€Å"the practice of targeting individuals for police or security interdiction, detention or other disparate treatment based primarily on their race or ethnicity in the belief that certain minority groups are more likely to engage in unlawful behavior† (Laney, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another definition proposed by Hernandez-Murillo and Knowles is that it is a statistical discrimination as a tool to predict criminality and would search more intensely the minorities than if they were of a different race. Thus, the discretion to enforce or not enforce the laws or policies based on categories or race of people have ill effects on those individuals involved including affecting the public’s perception in a negative way (Pruitt, n.d.). It casts doubt to the legitimacy and fairness of the criminal justice system and destroys the trust of the people in the law enforcement. It creates negative stereotypes who limit efforts in attaining societal justice (Pruitt, n.d.). Moreover, besides creating erroneous perceptions about the different races, it also creates misconceptions about the police. Discrimination by a few in the police force is magnified as to be a brand label to all. This demoralizes the many who are fair and do their jobs with honor and dedication. Direct effects are seen on the targeted group, for instance African Americans and Hispanics change their driving habits because they perceived to be the target group in traffic stops (U.S. Congress, 2000). The members of the targeted group become uncooperative and develop disdain and contempt of the police (Pruitt, n.d.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Racial profiling for some is appropriate and justified. They believe that it is a â€Å"sensible, statistically based tool that enables law enforcement to focus their energies more efficiently and it also   lowers the cost of obtaining and processing information and thus reduces the overall cost of policing† (Kennedy, 2000). They further claim that the police are justified in scrutinizing more a particular sector or race if in the place where they are assigned, the members of this sector commit a disproportionate numbers of crimes. Similarly, they scrutinize men more than women. The basis for defending racial profiling as appropriate is centered upon its being empirical and statistical. Moreover, it is claimed that racial profiling prevents crime considering that by identifying the drivers at night time would deprive a potential criminal of anonymity (Garlikov, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those who argue against racial profiling base their dissent on constitutional and practical grounds (Kennedy, 1999). Racial distinctions are opposed mainly on the violation of the Fourteenth Amendment—the equal protection clause. Even the courts in exercise of judicial review, have applied ‘strict scrutiny’ enunciating that the use of race in government decision-making gives rise to a presumption of violation of an individual’s civil rights (Kennedy, 1999). â€Å"The use of race in governmental decision making may be upheld only if it serves a compelling government objective and only if it is ‘narrowly tailored’ to advance that objective† (Garlikov, 2000). An analysis of court decisions would reveal that disparate treatment is allowed in making stops provided that race is not the sole factor in doing this (Garlikov, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On practical consideration, the argument against racial profiling is based on the alienation that it creates. Alienation on the part of the race singled out creates distrust and even hatred towards the police and other elements of the criminal justice system. In so doing, witnesses refuse to cooperate with the police in the investigation (Garlikov, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The different methods of research employed in racial profiling are the baseline data and the benchmark data (RCMP web site, 2007). The benchmark data, i.e. census-based data, is derived from information that one gathers by stopping drivers. The use of stop data is being employed by more or less 4,000 different agencies in the country (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). Benchmarking data â€Å"determines the right percentage of those stopped ought to be† (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). The benchmark data is compared with the stop data to find out if those stopped by the police are mostly from the minorities based on race or ethnicity. There are two kinds of benchmark data employed to respond to different issues. External benchmarking is â€Å"designed to determine what percentage of drivers in a given area â€Å"ought to be† stopped (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). Internal benchmarking on the other hand is a method of comparing the stop data of an officer with those of other officers who are similarly situated (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). This seeks to identify the differences in the stop practices of the police officers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The baseline data or the baseline comparison data uses comparisons and statistical samplings to determine the demographics of the population. Most often the police agencies employ the services of researchers (Davis, 2001). This is preferred than the benchmark data however, it is more time consuming and it entails expense (RCMP web site, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The move to conduct racial profiling studies and in some states, investigation and inquiry into the different departments’ practices, has spurred both negative and positive impact on police officers. In a study conducted, it revealed a marked decrease in the number of arrests (Cleary, 2000). This means that focus was made on more serious offenses and therefore, searches and arrests productivity improved.   On the downside, it impacted on the police officers’ morale. Most felt that their integrity is put in issue and as a result a personal injustice to them. This reduced police aggressiveness. By and large, this caused demoralization (Cleary, 2000). Legal Perspective of Racial Profiling and Developments   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Racial profiling violates the Constitution, specifically the Amendments and federal statutes. The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments proscribe discrimination on the part of federal, state and local law enforcement agencies. The Fourth Amendment guarantees protection against unlawful search and seizure (Cleary, 2000). It has been held by the court that traffic/vehicle stops initiated by law enforcement violates the Fourth Amendment unless there is probable cause (Wren v. U.S., 116 S. Ct. 1769 (1996). Moreover, the Court ruled that these vehicle stops are most often a pretext for a search and this circumvents the Constitutional guarantee.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It also violates federal statutes such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. Any agency that receives financial assistance from the federal government is prohibited from discriminatory acts based on color, race or origin (Cleary, 2000). The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 prohibit discriminatory acts based on color, race or origin and religion when committed by agencies receiving federal financial assistance. However, the Attorney General was given the power to prosecute those who discriminate regardless of whether they receive funding from the federal government (Cleary, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   State laws may not be as effective to prevent racial profiling (Cleary, 2000). For instance in Memphis, vehicle stops are usual because of the drug problem in that area. Its location is ideal for drug traffickers and heroine and cocaine are actually transported in private vehicles (Cleary, 2000). By reason of the public uproar, Public Chapter 910 program was launched including a proposed Senate Bill 2214 which required traffic highway patrol officer to gather data and information for every vehicle stop (Cleary, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 2000, ‘Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act of 1999’ was introduced in the 106th Congress as House Bill No. 2656 (Library of Congress web site, n.d.). It seeks to amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 which provided among others the prevention of police misconduct and the initiation of studies to remedy issues that pervade the law enforcement agencies. It also punishes those who deprive one â€Å"of a right, privilege, or immunity secured or protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States† (Section 601 (b) (1), H.B. 2656).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Numerous bills were proposed to eliminate racial profiling and the latest of which was ‘End Racial Profiling Act of 2001. There was a hearing on this proposed bill as called for by the Senate Subcommittee on the Constitution, Federalism and Property Rights of the Judiciary Committee during the 107th Congress (Laney, 2004). It required that â€Å"any state or governmental unit that applied for funding under a covered federal program would have had to certify that program participants had effective policies and procedures to eliminate racial profiling and to stop practices that encouraged racial profiling† (Laney, 2004). The proposed bill however, failed to outline the specific disciplinary procedures for those who violated the provisions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The House Committee on Government Reform, on the other hand proposed the use of technology to eliminate racial profiling, i.e. video technologies (Laney, 2004). In the 108th Congress, there was no hearing scheduled on racial profiling. A bill was proposed specifically, ‘End Racial Profiling Act of 2004,’ however the bill never became a law. References Cleary, W. Racial Profiling Studies in Law Enforcement: Issues and Methodology Minnesota House of Representatives 2000. Retrieved November 24, 2007, from   http://www.house.leg.state.mn.us/hrd/pubs/raceprof.pdf. Davis, R. Racial Profiling: â€Å"What Does the Data Mean?† A Practitioner’s Guide to Understanding Data Collection & Analysis. AELE Law Enforcement web site. Retrieved on November 24, 2007, from http://www.aele.org/data.html Garlikov, R. The Concept of Racial Profiling. Retrieved on November 24, 2007, from http://www.garlikov.com/philosophy/profiling.htm Hernandez-Murillo, R. and Knowles, J. â€Å"Racial profiling or racist policing: bounds test in aggregate data† International Economic Review, August 2004. House Bill No. 2656. Library of Congress. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c106:H.R.2656.IH: Kennedy, R. â€Å"Suspect Policy.† The New Republic 13 Sept. 1999. Lamberth, K., Clayton, J., Lamberth, J., Farrell, A., and McDevitt, J. Practioner’s Guide for Addressing Racial Profiling. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://www.lamberthconsulting.com/about-racialprofiling/documents/Report_PractitionersGuide.pdf. Laney, G., Racial Profiling: Issues and Federal Legislative Proposals and Options, CRS Report for Congress 2004. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://www.law.umaryland.edu/marshall/crsreports/crsdocuments/RL32231_02172004.pdf Library of Congress. â€Å"Traffic Stops Statistics Study Act of 2000.† House Report 106-517. 106 Congress 2d Session. 13 March 2000. Pruitt, T.   Ã‚  From Anecdotes to Analysis: A Look into Racial Profiling in Memphis Traffic Stops. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://rhodes.edu/images/content/Academics/Tim_Pruitt.pdf. Royal Canadian Mounted Police web site 2007. Racial Profiling in the United States. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://www.rcmpgrc.gc.ca/ccaps/racial_profiling_goff_e.htm   

Ethical Dilema Case 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical Dilema Case 3 - Essay Example It’s a dilemma in our society that individuals who are suspected to be criminals by law are treated as criminals by individuals in our society – and this maltreatment continues essentially if the court releases and does not find that individual as guilty. Once suspected to be a criminal, an individual’s life is over. Subsequently, each and every law enforcing agencies need to be very careful while declaring an individual as a suspect. Stereotyping is another major issue associated with judgment of individuals. Al-Qaeda has gained a lot of fame as a renowned terrorist group, and Muslims across the world are suffering because as part of their religious practice, when they grow bears or females cover their head, they are deemed as extremists and thus, titled as terrorists. Such level of stereotyping often creates problems for law enforcing agencies as well and sometimes wrongful arrests are made. And as mentioned earlier, once a suspect, their life becomes worst the n criminals. I strongly disagree to the fact that torture should be limited to a degree and should only be applied in an extreme scenario. For example, if a suspect is caught, he or she should be treated fairly and justly – once proven guilty, still the law enforcing agencies should treat the criminal like a human being. ... And even when proven guilty, everyone has the right to be treated in an appropriate manner – unless it becomes a matter of national security or threat. Moral Rules Access to justice is the right of every human being and is one of the common clauses of most of the constitutions that exist in the world today in the sovereign states. Justice implies treating everyone fairly – Muslims, Jews, Christians, Hindus, etc.; all men should be equal before the law and punishable by law only if proven guilty via appropriate evidence. Thus, seeking justice is what everyone can and should aim at for everyone. Being law enforcement officer, the responsibility is to ensure that everyone gets justice. By torturing, an officer would be using the powers in a false manner because only the law has the power to punish – not the officer. As a law enforcement officer, it is one of the duties to protect the suspects unless they are proven guilty in the court of law. Even to the extent that if the suspect is lying, the officers should have different mechanisms to pull the truth and torture should be the last possible medium for it. An officer should let law and courts perform their duties, by taking actions such as torture and punishments into their own hands, officers are taking up a responsibility of making a decision regarding innocence or guilt of an individual; which is not possible without concrete evidence. Thus, at the end of the day, an innocent might suffer because of a misunderstanding or biasness of the law enforcement officer; because officers are trained to develop suspicion and torturing based on suspicion to get information is equivalent to punishing suspects – and in

Islamism and Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Islamism and Terrorism - Essay Example This paper seeks to refute this controversial claim by supporting that Muslims are not terrorists. Undeniably, there have been extreme cases of terror attacks in different parts of the world. Most of these terrorist attacks, if not all, have been associated to Islam. Islamic terror group referred to as al-Qaida supposedly did the infamous September 11 attack. However, controversy theories have refuted these claims and posited that the September 11 attacks were conducted out of the realms of Islam. Terrorism refers to acts of violence or otherwise that are meant to pressurize a ruling regime to act in favor of the terror instigators. Although the definition of terrorism varies widely, it can be generally agreed that terrorism has a political orientation. Most of the terrorist attacks that have happened in recent times have been directed towards political leadership regimes. Terrorism may be a physical act such as the September 11 attack or it may be non-physical such as cyber terroris m. Largely, physical terrorism has been associated with radical Islamism. Whenever there is a potential terror threat, Muslims are always the first prime suspects. Actually, a large number of Muslims have been questioned or detained in various parts of the world as being suspects of terror. On the other hand, the Muslim community has heavily contested involvement in terror activities claiming that it is in fact against their religious beliefs. According to the Muslim community, Allah is against killing of innocent people. Indeed, â€Å"Terrorizing innocent people is not acceptable in Islam, it is totally against the religion† (Abdullah, 2007). More notably, the jihad is also not holy although it is justified. They believe that the world is supposed to live in peace and harmony despite the differences in religious affiliations. Muslims contest that most terror instigators hide behind the curtains of Islamic religion to pursue their inhumane interests. Although they support mar tyrdom and jihad, they are solidly unified against terrorism. However, the characteristics of radical Islamism are quite similar to characteristics of terrorisms and perhaps the primary reason why the controversy over the relationship between Islam and terrorism exist so strongly. Therefore, differentiating between radical Islamism and Islamic terrorism becomes difficult. Despite the similarities between them, terrorism and radical Islamism are certainly different. Accordingly, radical Islamism is not democratic in nature and does not, in any way take advantage of political or democratic loopholes in the society to express their dissatisfaction. Instead, radical Islamism seeks to express their faith in religion by use of religious platforms and means. Their acts are religiously propelled and as such do not use terrorism as a means of communicating their dissatisfaction. This concludes us that neither Islam nor radical Islamism is synonymous to terrorism. Even the violent activities of radical Islamism do not count towards terrorism. The two oppositions on clarity of definition of the term terrorism make the issue complicated. However, there is overwhelming evidence supporting that Islam is indeed not synonymous with terrorism. More clearly, Islam is not associated with terrorism. According to leaders of North American Islamic organizations â€Å"As American Muslims and scholars of Islam, we wish to restate our conviction that peace and justice constitute the basic principles of the Muslim faith. We

A Small Community Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A Small Community Business - Essay Example A Small Community Business The local stores, farms, and their cooperatives in our location greatly benefit from the existence of Ice Cream Heaven because Mr. Haynes sources his milk, dairy products, and other restaurant and cooking needs directly from the local business suppliers. Ice Cream heaven gives off that American vibe that can only see in Pop Tate's ice cream parlor in the Archie comic books. Just as our community evolved over time, so did the menu and other offerings of the restaurant. Having started out as purely an ice cream scooping station, these days it boasts of meal menus and sandwich snacks for those quick fix meals that the busy parents and students in our neighborhood requires. What is even more admirable about the business is that it hires workers from within our community. Ice Cream Heaven has 20 high school part time job type of employees that admirably helps our local families from lower income brackets survive and boosts our local economy. The annual sales of Ice Cream Heaven should be around $250,000 or more a year because of the combined income from their ice cream scooping station, ice cream gallon sales, and sit down clients. Mr Haynes told me that the taxes he pays the community has helped maintain the local park and kept the community library in business by adding computer systems for the benefit of the local public school. Ice Cream Heaven has been an integral part of my childhood and continues to be a memorable place for me as I mature into an adult. This is the place where my parents and I often had my birthday dessert when I was a child.

Learning Effective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Learning Effective - Essay Example Teaching and learning information and knowledge is an anachronism, secondly a wider choice of the population procedure and produce knowledge. Knowledge is not the ownership of a small number of â€Å"experts†, thirdly, prospects for employment link more to the skill to improve and convey learning. The collection of a qualification is not sufficient and lastly the land of knowledge is a great deal richer and wider, involving numerous sources, forms and contexts. â€Å"Learning is no longer the province of special institutions: it is a way of being. In such a context the goals of learning need to focus less on knowledge acquisition by individuals, and more on knowledge-generation with others.† ( Institute of Education) Effective students have achieved knowledge of the social and individual procedure essential to become successful learners. This is not simply attainment of specific tactics, but the supervising and evaluation of knowledge to observe whether approaches are effectual. This has been explained as "metalearning" and "teaching how to learn†. Effective learning comprises this extra critical element which dynamically engages the learner in meta-cognitive procedure of setting up, supervising and reflecting. As a result we can deduce that learning is an endeavor of construction, dealt with others and driven by the agency of learners. Effective learning is every one of these properties at their best, as well as the review and monitoring of whether tactics and approaches are proving helpful for the specific context and goals. An effective student is resourceful and is able to actively make use of various approaches and strategies for different purposes and contexts, for instance, gaining knowledge from books even as alone, generating knowledge with different people during a project, actively paying attention to an explanation, constructing conversation with

Self care theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self care theory - Essay Example One of the nursing theorists who drew from the systems theory to develop a more operational theory is Betty Neuman. Applicability of Neuman's Systems Theory Betty Neuman’s model, the ‘Neuman System’s theory, seeks to portray the constant interaction between a patient and his or her environment, and how it contributes to balance and a sense of well-being from the patient’s perspective (Hinton & Neuman, 1995). In the Neuman System’s theory, a patient is viewed as being in constant contact with different factors such as the larger community, the environment, and the family. These factors affect the patient developmentally, spiritually, psychosocially, and physiologically in positive or negative ways. Neuman’s system’s theory holds that it is how an individual reacts to such factors that determine his or her environment. For example, if a person is irritated when a family member that he disagreed with earlier comes to ask him for something, the person has generated the feeling of irritation in response to the request of the family member. The person’s irritation will give birth to other symptoms such as anxiety and a feeling of stress which will in turn affect his blood pressure and possibly sleep disturbances. If his anxiety persists over a long period of time, the person’s self-concept may even be subjected to changes even as his physical health further deteriorates. In this case, the person’s powerlessness in adapting to the new environment results in the breakdown of his protective barriers. The Neuman Systems model also addresses the factor of perceived barriers that an individual can adopt so as to be able to cope with a transformation in the immediate environment. Neuman's Systems Theory in use in Culturally Diverse Families In the Neuman System’s model, it is believed that the nurse’s function is to view the patient as being a distinct individual with his own aspirations and coping abilities. While executing primary, as well as secondary interventions, the nurse is always conscious of the need to view the patient in a holistic manner that respects their protective barriers in order to enable the client to return to a state of well being (Fawcett, 2005). Due to the fact that the environment around the patient does not remain constant, the nurse always has to constantly re-consider the best ways to meet the client’s needs. This would be the case particularly in culturally diverse families where people may have different opinions and thus create new environments for the patient constantly. Neuman regarded people as being open systems which work with other elements when interacting with their environment. Neuman's model allows for nurses to be able to evaluate and care for the entire family unit as a singular client. Even though Neuman tended to concentrate o the client’s health, she felt that a patient’s health was basically dependent on the way in which they were presently reacting to the factors in their environment. The nurse who seeks to use the Neuman model has to analyze his professional role in the primary as well as secondary stages of prevention (Hinton & Neuman, 1995). By using this method, the nursing function is then transformed into one whereby the nurse chooses various effective interventions to treat the patient. In any culturally divers

Research Topic Identification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research Topic Identification - Essay Example For example, when I studied the article written by Dufwenderg (2011) on game theory to explain the human psychology, I found the cognitive understanding of the psychology as an essential part of the psychology to have grip to answer most of the question of human psychology. We consider Chess games as the toughest games and there is a requirement of minds that can decide rationally but Ewerhart (2000) argues that Chess-like games are solvable in at most two steps. This is the power of cognitive powers that a human mind can use to solve the complex problems. Another important aspect of cognitive psychology is that it starts observing the human psychology right from beginning. This is the basic way to explore and drive new dimensions in the field of Psychology. This is illustrated by Eacott and Crawley (1999) by analyzing on the childhood amnesia. Childhood amnesia refers to the inability of children and adults to recall events that took place during their infancy and early childhood (H ayne & Jack, 2011). This is very augmenting for me to choose the cognitive psychology in order to learn on ways that can reflect the human psychology. Dufwenberg, M. (2001). Game theory. Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Sciences. Vol. 2 (2). p. 167. Ewerhart, C.

Questions on Karl Marx Alienation, and J.S.Mill on Liberty Dissertation

Questions on Karl Marx Alienation, and J.S.Mill on Liberty - Dissertation Example For them to survive, the labourers had to submit to wage labour, a new form of exploitation. Capitalism involved a fundamental adjustment in the relations between men, the materials of production, and the instruments of production. These fundamental adjustments meant that every aspect of human life underwent transformation (Allan 2004, p. 3). In the modern world, the reality of alienation is prevalent and can be seen everywhere. In simple terms, alienation means the separation from what is desirable or desired. Marx analyzes the alienation idea in the context of capitalist means of production with a goal of making profits. Marx identified the process of individual finding valuable things in nature and then taking them since they were freely available. The people modified these natural resources through working on them, thus enhancing their usefulness. Alienation has origins of the production of surplus value after satisfaction of all the immediate and basic needs. Surplus value impli ed wealth, and it became a product when some individuals realized that it could be used as an exchange for commodities if there is a shortage in supply of commodities (Allan 2004, p. 6). According to Karl Marx, there are four aspects of man’s alienation that arise in a capitalist society. The aspects include the product of labor, fellow human beings relations, the labor process, and human nature. Marx argued that the product of labor of the employee is alienated from the object he or she produces since it is bought, possessed and disposed off by somebody else (the capitalist). In all societies, individuals employ their creative capabilities to produce commodities, which they exchange and sell amongst themselves. Marx believes that, in capitalism, this becomes an alienated activity since the worker cannot utilize the products that he or she produces to engage in other productive activities. Marx argues that there is the intensification in the alienation of the labourer from wh at he produces, when the products of labour begin to dominate the labourer (Allan 2004, p. 12). The worker is paid less than the value he creates. He argues that a portion of what the labourer produces is appropriated by his employer leading to exploitation of the worker. Workers employ creative labour in the products they produce, but they cannot obtain any creative labour to replace it. Marx also describes the labour process as the second factor of alienation. Marx recognized this as a lack of control over the production process. He argues that lack of control in the process of work transforms the capacity of workers to work innovatively into the opposite and the laborer experiences activity as passivity. The worker views his or her actions as independent of himself or herself and does not consider these actions as belonging to him or her any longer (Allan 2004, p. 15). The fetishism of commodities refers to individuals’ misconceptions of the products of labour once they en ter the exchange; this misconception accords to forms of leading roles. The metamorphosis of value is a story about the man, his productive capacity and products, and what happens to these products in a capitalist society. Misreading this tale as one about the activities of inanimate objects, attributing them qualities which could only be possessed by human beings, positing living relations for what is dead, is what Marx refers as the fetishism of co

Chinese video gaming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Chinese video gaming - Essay Example It is obvious that this independence has definitely led to positive results for the country’s development. However, there are certain other aspects of the Chinese gaming industry that come to the fore on a closer analysis. The industry does not only have a positive side to it, there are also some negatives and drawbacks that can be seen. This is mainly in terms of the strict â€Å"state censorship† that the imported games pass through before reaching the markets of China (Wolf 108). Due to the various strict ideals of the government of China, it is not easy for foreign games to be sold in the markets. The content of every game is thoroughly checked and those found inappropriate are either deleted from the games, or the game is banned altogether. The gamers, however, are not satisfied with the new version of the games and, therefore, they resort to pirated full versions of the game. The gamers fail to understand that the real objective behind this censorship is to  "promote domestically made games,† in order to â€Å"protect the Chinese market† (Wolf 108). Studies have proved that the online games in China are now the â€Å"mainstream form of game consumption† and that the â€Å"market share of imported games† is on the decline (Wolf 109). This is significantly so because the broadband development in the country has been increasing considerably and due to the fact that China has not turned into the â€Å"second biggest internet market† on the face of earth (Chung). Piracy in China is a major problem and it has created conflicts with â€Å"game manufacturers in Japan and United States,† putting the membership of China in the â€Å"global gaming community† into jeopardy (Wolf 109). The game manufacturers are forced to produce online games and are reluctant to... With the massive advances in technology, man has transformed the impossible into the reality. Almost all fields have reached greater heights with the constant innovations in technology. This is especially so in the case of the entertainment field, including various industries such as movies, music, dance, gaming etc. The modern technologies in video gaming have taken entertainment to the next level through the creation of interactive user interfaces. For example, there are a lot of motion sensitive games that have become highly popular among the modern generation. These games are designed in such a way that the game processor detects the movements of the human body and replicates those movements into the respective characters of the game. These types of games are popular throughout the world and the gaming industries of different countries, seeing the potential of this sphere, plan to work hard towards tapping this niche much more. One such country that has recognized the significance of this field is China and its gaming industry, which is now â€Å"one of the fastest growing interactive entertainment† industries worldwide. Piracy in China is a major problem and it has created conflicts with â€Å"game manufacturers in Japan and United States,† putting the membership of China in the â€Å"global gaming community† into jeopardy. The game manufacturers are forced to produce online games and are reluctant to manufacture other games due to fear of piracy. Thus, the Chinese government needs to implement laws and devise ways in which it can get rid of piracy once and for all. The gaming industry in China is greatly influenced by â€Å"South Korea and the United States† and, therefore, it does import games from these countries in addition to Japan

Course Project Essay Example for Free

Course Project Essay (A). Law Review Article: Tristin K. Green, Discrimination in Workplace Dynamics: Towards a Structural Account of Dispute Treatment Theory, 38 HARV. C. R-C. L. L. REV. 91 (2003) (B). Government Agency Website:http//hreoc. gov. au/about/mailing-lists/index. html Section two Gender Discrimination Worker Type Employee Handbook Undocumented Workers Marital Status Employee Freedom Family Responsibility Employee Privacy Pay and Hours Health and Safety Section three Jury finds Curtiss-Wright liable in gender bias case. Oct. 25, 2006. This was a case whereby Curtiss-Wright who is a maker of aircraft electronics lost a $9M verdict when a woman executive was passed over for a promotion and later fired because of her gender. This case is very much relevant to Ms. Collins’ . As is clear, one of Ms. Collins claims is that she has never been promoted since she joined `ABC’ as an account executive since 1989. Again all the male employees hired during the same time and with the same classification as hers have evidently been promoted one to four times and have a salary to boot. $1. 6M Suit Alleges Gender Discrimination. March 22, 2004 In this case, former chemical engineering assistant professor, Lynn Russell, filed a 1. 6M suit against the university as she alleged gender discrimination and breach of contract. The suit claims chemical engineer chair discriminates against female junior faculty and undermined Russell’s tenure. This case is relevant to Ms. Collins as it is an evidence of her claims of being discriminated against. It is a strong indication that gender discrimination does exist. Tropicana Sued for Discrimination Against Pregnant Woman. Sept. 12, 2003. A federal law suit was filed by The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission against Tropicana Casino Resort alleging it violated a pregnant employee’s civil rights. According to 32 year old Elizabeth of Lancaster, she was fired 24 hours after she informed her boss about her condition who refused to allow her to work part time claiming the job was performance related. This particular case is very much relevant to that of Ms. Collins as it is evident that employers do not put into consideration that women are likely to go on maternity leave as a result of pregnancy. Again, at times one will call in sick. Like in Ms. Collins case, she is always getting home on emergency calls as she has disabled child who suffers from severe medical and emotional problems. Does it mean that she will lose her job when she requires an immediate leave to attend to her child? Robinson may settle Lawsuit for $15Mril 13, 2006 C. H Robinson, a transportation logistics company is said to have reached what is said to be a tentative settlement with former and current women employees over the allegations of gender discrimination in pay and promotion. This is so much like Ms. Collins case whose main cry is low pay and being passed over for promotion. EEOC Accuses Die Maker of Bias Against Women. July 24, 2003 The government says that a Northeast Ohio tool-and-die maker has deemed women too weak to work in the company. This is a clear indication that employees overlook women when it comes to certain jobs just like in Ms. Collins case where she says that her employee claims that she does not fit the image right for the higher positions. Section four Brown O. Judith, Subrin N. Stephen, Baumann T. Phyllis, Some Thoughts about Social Perception and Employment Discrimination Law: A Modest Proposal for Keeping the Judicial Dialogue, 46 EMORY L. J. 1487 (1997) Godsil D. Rachel, Expressivism, Empathy and Equality, 36 U. MICH. J. L. REFORM 247(2003)

Strategic Information Systems Analysis

Strategic Information Systems Analysis Information systems that are developed in response to the corporate plan are called Strategic Systems. The main goal is to give the organisation a competitive lead. Strategic Systems can provide products or services that are less expensive, varied and focused on particular market segments or pioneering. Business strategies are implemented by strategic information systems as they have the systems in which resources are applied to information services and strategic business opportunities with an intention of companys computer system to perform well. Strategic information systems are always systems that have evolved in response to the corporate initiative. In other cases, the idea came from business people and Operational Information Services supplied the technological potential to realize profitable results. Most systems seemed to support activities such as business. They mechanize the operations of greater efficiency, control and efficiency, but they are not in themselves to increase business profitability. They are easy to use, more than enough reliable information to management in order to keep the business running smoothly, and they are used in the analysis plan for new directions. Strategic Information Systems, on the other hand, is an integral and necessary part of business, and directly affect the market share, profits and all other aspects of the Market Square to profitability. They can even bring in new products, new markets, new ways of doing business. They directly affect the organizations competitive stance, which gives him an advantage against competitors. ISSUES In 1980, the number of frameworks have appeared analyzing information systems from a strategic perspective. General problems in a dozen of their strategic information systems frameworks (frameworks SIS), has been described, including the following. Most of the frameworks of the SIS is American (and thus may be culturally related).Since there are a large number of frameworks available, each is at the best of a relative benchmark. Also, because of the variety it can be costly to find a suitable framework, and even more expensive one to find inappropriate. SIS frameworks are usually post-hoc requests for global strategic framework and so do not contain any special features of the computer world, where it was not clear if the frameworks were developed. It has been argued that,the SIS frameworks are externally imposed, meanings and restrain creativity, focus away from the bright ideas and are generated internally, creates the conditions for a power struggle over its meaning, and move the focus of control of the SIS from the outside. Finally, even the simplest framework can be understood in more ways than one, creating the possibility to the hidden divisions. SONY CORPORATION Sony Corporation announced the creation of Corporate IS Solutions (ISS), by April 1, 1998. The new organization will prepare for Sony in the emerging digital age by strengthening the management information system. Sony Corporation has a number of corporate structural changes in recent years. Sony divisional company structure was first introduced in 1994, and was further strengthened in 1996. Sony has also reorganized its board of directors and corporate executive officer positions created in 1997. In response to changes in business environment due to digitization and the growth of a networked society, the Sony Group has diversified its business to digital satellite broadcasting, electronics, entertainment, insurance and finance to take. Sony hopes to use the ISS for further information systems capabilities to enhance the speed and flexibility of management decisions to improve. The purpose of the ISS will be to increase the efficiency of the management of Sonys information systems (MIS) to improve the infrastructure and the role of MIS in the strategic planning and business promotion to increase. ISS proposes an advisory committee will consist of people from outside consultants and IS representatives of the worldwide operations of Sony. The Advisory Committee will counsel the president on technology issues for the strategic planning of information systems from Sony. In addition, ISS representatives are located in each of the ten divisions of corporate companies to implement projects that contribute in the firm. Sony Corporation is a leading manufacturer of audio, video, communications and information technology for the consumer and professional markets. Its music, pictures and computer entertainment operations make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. Business Strategy The companys competitive strategy can be featured as a hybrid strategy where the low cost(cost leadership), invested in a low price with a differentiation aggregated on the basis of quality, reliability, flexibility, innovation and create sustainable value for all key stakeholders. The companys current business strategy can be featured as a sales strategy that the companys acquisition and subsequent integration of these followed in MNE SBU structures. The turnaround strategy is not driven by poor financial performance but by the desire of the new shareholders to increase productivity and change organisational culture and structure, the required measures to claim dependable competitive advantage at a low cost, lean and entrepreneurial enterprise. IS Strategy From a strategic perspective, the problem is the extent to which improvements in information processing power can help improve the way the knowledge is created and shared both in and around the organisation. Competitive pressures have resulted in the maintaining high quality the strategic IS is developed centrally so the approach to corporate strategic planning information can be regarded as an incremental. Overall, the strategy aimed at integrating existing IS as external integration with broader chain partners in order to support both cost leadership and differentiation strategy. STRATEGIC INFORMATION AND PLANNING METHODOLOGIES AT SONY The role of strategic information systems planning is difficult and often time organizations do not know how to do it. Strategic information systems planning are a big change for organizations, from planning for information systems based on the needs of users based on business strategy. Also, strategic information systems planning changes planned features in major ways. Thus, the time horizon for planning changes from one year to three years or more and development driven by current and future business needs rather than incremental needs of the user. Increasing the time horizon is a factor that results in poor response from the top management to the strategic information systems planning process is difficult to keep their attention for a long period. Other questions related to strategic information systems planning on the scope of the planning study, the focus of the planning exercise corporate organization against strategic business unit, the number of studies and their sequence, c hoosing a strategic information planning systems or develop a methodology if one is not suitable, the target of planning and deliverables. Because of the complexity of strategic information systems planning process and the uniqueness of each organization, there is no one best way to address. Vitale et al. (1986) classify SISP methodologies into two categories: impact and alignment. Impact methodologies help create and justify new uses of IT, while the methods in the adaptation category placing IS objectives with organizational goals. Business systems planning: This method, developed by SONY, which combines top-down bottom-up implementation planning. This methodology focuses on business processes, which in turn is derived from the organizations business mission, objectives and tasks. Business process analysis of the data needs and then determine the data classes. Similar data for the classes are combined to develop databases. BSP final plan describes the general architecture of information systems, as well as a timetable for the installation of individual systems. Following are the strength and weaknesses of BSP Strengths Because BSP combines a top-down business analysis approach with a bottom-up strategy for implementation, it represents an integrated approach. In it stop-down strategy, BSP is similar to CSF method in that it develops a general understanding of the business plans and supporting IS needs through joint discussions. SONY the supplier of this method has the advantage of better known to top management than other methods. Weaknesses: BSP requires a clear commitment of senior management and their great commitment. requires a high degree of IT experience within the BSP schedule team There is a problem of the gap between top down and bottom-up planning implementation. Does not have a software design methodology. The main weakness of BSP is the considerable time and effort required for the successful implementation. Strategic systems planning Also known as PROplanner and developed by Robert Holland, this method is similar toBSP. A business functional model is defined by analyzing major functional areas of acompany. Data architecture is derived from the business function model by combining information requirements in the generic data entities and subject databases. New systems and their implementation schedules are derived from this architecture. This architecture is then used to new systems and the implementation schedule to be identified. Although the steps in the SSP process are similar to those in the BSP, a major difference between SSP and SSPs BSP is automated processing of the data collected during the SISP process Information Engineering This method was developed by James Martin (1982) and provides techniques for building enterprise, data, and process models. These models combine a comprehensive knowledge base that is used to create and maintain information systems to form. Basic concept of this technique is the use of structured techniques in all tasks related to planning, analysis, design and construction of enterprise wide information systems. Such structured techniques are expected to result in well integrated information systems. IE is based on a pyramid for an information systems company. The pyramid has three sides by the organisation to display the activities the organisation performs using the data and the technology used in the implementation of information systems. Value chain analysis The concept of the value chain is examined at length by Michael Porter (1984).According to him every company is a collection of activities performed to design, produce, market, deliver and support its product. All these activities can be represented using a value. Porter goes on to explain that information technology is one of the major activities supporting the value chain.Information technology system is a particular role in the value, since every value activity creates and, uses information. .. The recent, rapid technological changes in information systems are having a major impact on competition and competitive advantage due to the decisive role of information in the value chain. Change in the way office functions can be executed one of the main types of technological trends that today many companies, but few devote substantial resources to it. Thus, value chain analysis: (A) Is a form of economic activity, an analysis firm in its entirety falls apart. Information derived from this analysis. (B) Helps to develop information systems that the total profits of an enterprise to increase. (C) Helps to identify the potential for mutual business benefits of the constituent companies in the same or related industries, available from information exchange. (D) Focuses on value added activities and is independent of the organizational structure. Strengths: The main strength of value chain analysis is that it concentrates on direct value adding activities of an enterprise and therefore places information right in the realm of value rather than cost cutting. Weaknesses: Although a very useful and intuitively appealing, value chain analysis suffers from several weaknesses, namely Only provides a higher level information model for a firm and not the address to the design and implementation issues. Because of its focus on internal operations instead of data, not to define a data structure for the company. The basic concept of a value chain is difficult to apply to non-industrial organizations where the product is not tangible and there is no obvious commodity. Does not provide automated support for performing analysis. Value chain analysis, therefore, must be used in combination with some other method that addresses the development and implementation issues and define a data structure. Critical success factors Critical success factors analysis can be considered both an impact as well as adjustment methodology. Critical Success Factors (CSF) in the context of SISP are used to interpret more clearly the objectives, tactics and operations in terms of key information needs of an organization and its managers and strengths and weaknesses of the existing systems of the organization. Rockart (1979) defines critical success factors as a companys limited number of areas where the results, if satisfactory, will ensure successful competitive performance for the organization. CSFs exist on a number of levels. They represent the few key areas where things have to go for business to flourish. Consequently, critical success factors are areas of activity that should receive constant and careful attention from management. The CSF approach originally developed as a means of understanding the information needs of CEOs. The approach is then applied to the overall business and has expanded into a broader plan methodology. It is made from the root of much consultation practices and has achieved significant results in which the property is used. CB can exist on a number of levels, i.e., industry, organizational, business unit or manager. CBs at a lower level are derived from the preceding level. The CSF approach introduces information technology in the first stages of the planning process and helps a realistic assessment of the IT contribution to the organization. Strengths: CB-analysis provides a very powerful method for focusing on key information requirements of an organization, a business unit, or a manager. This allows management to focus resources on developing information about these requirements.CSF analysis is also easy to perform and can be performed with few resources. Weaknesses: (a) although a useful and widely used technique, CSF analysis alone is not enough to carry out comprehensive SISP its not data architecture to define or provide automated support for analysis. To be of value, the CSF analysis easily and directly be related back to the objectives of the business unit under review. It is the experience of people using this technique in general loses its value when used in the third level in a hierarchy BARRIERS: Analysis of IS practices and procedures Porter and Miller (1985) argue that the management information systems can no longer be the sole province of EDP work such as accounting and bookkeeping, which focuses on control and reduce costs. Advanced information systems in the value chain of activities can help companies improve the competitiveness of differentiation as well as to achieve cost leadership and thus obtain a sustainable competitive advantage. In other words, the ability to pursue cost reduction and differentiation at the same time justify the use. Earl (1998) argues that the IS has the potential to be a strategic weapon, at least one of the following: (1) gain a competitive advantage, (2) improve productivity and performance, (3) create new ways to manage and organize; (4) developing new businesses. These views show that the utilization of strategic and coherent action is more important than their use in operational situations (Soo 2002). The following part of the study will analyze and critically evaluate the com panys practices in the treatment of low-and intra- external integration of its information systems and its negative effects on the production value. The company has always tried its business efficiency and increase effectiveness by reassessing the internal operations such as purchasing, warehousing, materials management and distribution. It has used techniques such as Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRPII) and Just-In-Time (JIT) to the internal value chain effectiveness and efficiency. The company has exported its major ERP system in the early 1990s. The company achieved a relatively high internal integration processes within the value chain of the company. The situation for the company a step back in their internal integration efforts for the sake of uniformity of the group. The major obstacle towards full integration of internal information systems of the company therefore represents the diversity of applications used for different processes. This shows poor strategic information system planning (SISP) at a multinational level, in the context of a rapidly growing group (through external acquisitions) is true is not seen as a s trategic weapon, but rather an operational information processing tool. The cost versus the value quantification of the IS integration is problematic (subject multinational had group has the extra dimension of intra-SBU / corporate integration, which is considered a major problem at the corporate level. The firm decision on the main platform for integration is still not considered, but a feasibility study conducted by a team of internal and external experts showed that the most viable solution in the medium term lies in building the data warehouses at the top existing applications to ensure the collection, integration, storage and sharing of information available to users. Moreover, historically strong focus on internal integration reduces the potential value of the whole value which the company operates and the cost leads to duplication, maintenance of redundant systems, and investment in inefficient processes, such as manual data entry and machine sources are available. The company is in todays highly competitive global market place obligated to review its business operations and explore both internal processes and external relationships with business partners to meet the changing needs of their customers, to respond to the initiatives and new business models of their competitors and opportunities as new technologies (Chaffey 2002). CONCLUSION Information-based companies should be planned in an integrated manner, involving all stages of the lifecycle implemented to bring about the skill, quality and productivity. This integration is similar in nature to the integration of the product life cycle of an enterprise. Current methods, however, tend to support planning information as an island separated from the wealth of information resources. A new approach would require tapping into these resources to capture and characterize the company to allow for the integration of information systems planning stages of development and support of adaptive and a shortened cycle. This approach is a small first step to a great task: to develop a framework and a theory for strategic, planning of information systems. The need for such a framework is established by the problems in implementing SISP methods and also because of what these methods themselves lacking. The company was part of a multinational competing in global markets within the global industry value chain with strong competition. The funds are used by competitors are very similar (technology, people, money); the difference is how these resources are used / managed. Today, financial markets are looking for a broader view to the prospects of the companies that often do not clearly understand the accounts. Intellectual capital management business information systems skills are often the distinguishing factor of perspective and profitable businesses and encourage the companies value (Couger 1995). At the Company has traditionally focused on supporting internal efficiency. Companies need trust relationships with each other and the B2B market is to allow members to penetrate this deep in each others internal business processes. Has potential to generate value in inspiration, creation and support of collaborative value networks rather than reducing the internal data processing costs. Th e company realized the challenge and is a step in the right direction in terms of their integration in the evolving industry value chain to provide value to all stakeholders to generate.

Consequences Of Cheating In Exams

Consequences Of Cheating In Exams In todays age when you look at the word Cheating, you may find many different definitions or meanings. Whether you cheat at work; known as fraud, cheat at home; known as dishonesty, or at school, this act of conduct can lead to many consequences made by ones choice. Cheating is defined in the dictionary as, to deceive by trickery; swindle, however the dictionary fails to tell you if it is right or wrong to cheat. People have many different beliefs when it comes to cheating; some think its fine to do while others completely disapprove. School systems today are so lenient in their rules, guidelines and consequences; thus causing cheating, copying or forgeries to be frequently used. Many students take advantage of copying someone elses work whenever they are given the chance. Other times, students will simply have someone else do their work and turn it in as their own, not realizing the effects this behavior can create. This creates a lack of creativity, no sense of responsibility and the students will never acquire new knowledge. These practices of cheating, copying and forgery by students are unethical and should be brought to the surface whenever possible. Students that copy other students work are hurting themselves in the long run. Their creativity level drops every time they copy or have someone else do their work. After a while of copying and forging, the students ability to think creatively and successfully becomes next to nothing. Educators must continue to socialize students of all ages about the importance of maintaining high ethical standards,. The educational system is where students learn these tricks and proceed to carry them on into there professional careers. Corners are too easy to cut these days, and in order for people to keep their minds as functional as possible, they need to do their own work. It is too easy for students to buy a students paper that had the same class the quarter before, reword it a little, and turn it in as their own. Students are no longer able to write a fictional story by themselves because the computer or someone else can do it for them. Students also begin to lose the sense of responsibility when they have other people do their work. They dont feel that they have to do anything to pass a class, only that as long as they turn in a paper, their thoughts or not, they will receive credit for the assignment along with a passing grade. This creates the feeling that life will always be a handed to them on a silver platter. This type of thinking is what is going into the work environment when these people leave the education system. Employers dont want workers that cant pull their own weight, and that is all they are going to get from these people that think cutting corners is all right. Even worse is when these people that cut the corners hold management positions. These crooked managers infringe on the ethical workers by asking them to do unethical practices on the job, such as asking their factory workers to pretend they didnt see the failing scores from the health and safety inspections. Thanks to ethical resisters some of these unethical practices are being brought to the surface, exposed and corrected. Along with losing their creativity, the students that copy others work never get to feel that sense of accomplishment that comes when the paper you have been working on is finally complete. They dont get the uplifting feeling when they get their paper back and they have received a good score. The feeling isnt there because the work isnt their own. They use other people to receive the score, but they feel nothing. If they never have that feeling, there is nothing to motivate these people to do better the next time around. Yet, there may be one thing that is the worst of all when people pass off someone elses work as their own. That would be that the forger doesnt gain any knowledge. People can only learn from the things they do, and if someone else is doing their work, they are never going to learn anything. Making mistakes and learning from them may be one of the most effective methods of learning. For instance, if a student performs extremely poorly on a very important paper, chances are that student will always remember what they did wrong and what would have been better. Where as the same student wont even remember the lecture that was taught for an entire week straight. If people dont do the work themselves, they can never learn from their mistakes. These people that cheat will go through life expecting someone else to always be there to do their work. When the time comes that they will actually have to do the work themselves, they arent going to have a clue on where to start. They wont know to take responsibility for the things they do and they will never be able to think something up on their own. They will be so used to simply grabbing someone elses work that they will fail at anything they try to accomplish themselves. These people need to be stopped not only for their sake but because it is not fair to the people whose work they are always stealing. People work hard and should receive credit for the things they do, the people that dont work hard, should not receive credit. We must reward the ethical resisters that are brave enough to speak up when they notice these unethical practices taking place. For ethical resisters are,indeed, the heart of a national resolve for individual responsibility on behalf of the common good Cheating in academics is never the proper way to achieve academic greatness, but it can be an easy way out for any level student. In less technical days, cheating in education was left to hiding notes in odd places or glancing over another students shoulder. Teachers were able to catch cheaters either by visual proof or evidence within the similarities of test. Cheating held consequences but nothing that could ruin an educational future. Todays technology is so advanced that cheating is on a whole other level. Computers, cell phones, and hand held devices all add to the cheating craze that has swept high school and college level education. Different technologies provide different ways to cheat that make teachers and professors jobs to educate a bit more difficult. The cheating era has made cheating a more serious offence with education ending consequences. Computers come in small packages in present day and can offer students the opportunity to cheat more accessible. Not all cheating is done with ill intentions. Students use the internet for research all the time and there are instances that those who cheat are unaware of cheating. Students often share information via blogs. According to Problogger.net, a blog is a type of website that is usually arranged in chronological order from the most recent post (or entry) at the top of the main page to the older entries towards the bottom (Problogger.net 2008). Some students may find information on those blogs and use it as their own without properly citing them or determining if they are reliable or not. Some students will exchange emails with answers to test or study questions which is cheating. One final issue can be that students lack investigation skills to find out if their sources are reliable or not. All these issues with computers just scratch the surface of the issue, as technology c ontinues to grow so will the opportunity for students to cheat. Students

Milk and Rennin :: essays research papers

Research into Enzymes – For Biology Rennin Rennet, substance found in the gastric juices of young milk-drinking mammals. Rennet contains a milk-coagulating enzyme, called rennin or chymosin, the active principle of rennet preparations used in making cheese and junket. Rennet extracts are commercially prepared from the inner lining of the fourth stomach of calves. Enzymes Enzymes are large proteins that speed up chemical reactions. In their globular structure, one or more polypeptide chains twist and fold, bringing together a small number of amino acids to form the active site, or the location on the enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction takes place. Enzyme and substrate fail to bind if their shapes do not match exactly. This ensures that the enzyme does not participate in the wrong reaction. The enzyme itself is unaffected by the reaction. When the products have been released, the enzyme is ready to bind with a new substrate. Enzyme, any one of many specialized organic substances, composed of polymers of amino acids, that act as catalysts to regulate the speed of the many chemical reactions involved in the metabolism of living organisms. The name enzyme was suggested in 1867 by the German physiologist Wilhelm Kà ¼hne (1837-1900); it is derived from the Greek phrase en zymà §, meaning “in leaven.'; Those enzymes identified now number more than 700. Enzymes are classified into several broad categories, such as hydrolytic, oxidizing, and reducing, depending on the type of reaction they control. Hydrolytic enzymes accelerate reactions in which a substance is broken down into simpler compounds through reaction with water molecules. Oxidizing enzymes, known as oxidases, accelerate oxidation reactions; reducing enzymes speed up reduction reactions, in which oxygen is removed. Many other enzymes catalyze other types of reactions. Individual enzymes are named by adding ase to the name of the substrate with which they react. The enzyme that controls urea decomposition is called urease; those that control protein hydrolyses are known as proteinases. Some enzymes, such as the proteinases trypsin and pepsin, retain the names used before this nomenclature was adopted. PROPERTIES OF ENZYMES As the Swedish chemist Jà ¶ns Jakob Berzelius suggested in 1823, enzymes are typical catalysts: they are capable of increasing the rate of reaction without being consumed in the process. Some enzymes, such as pepsin and trypsin, which bring about the digestion of meat, control many different reactions, whereas others, such as urease, are extremely specific and may accelerate only one reaction.

Contrasts in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening :: Stopping Woods Snowy Evening

Contrasts in 'Stopping by Woods'    The duality of the narrator's response to the woods is caught in the contrast between the relaxed, conversational idiom of the first three lines (note the gentle emphasis given to ‘think', the briskly colloquial ‘though') and the dream-like descriptive detail and hypnotic verbal music ('watch . . . woods', 'his . . . fill . . . with') of the last. Clearing and wilderness, law and freedom, civilization and nature, fact and dream: these oppositions reverberate throughout the poem. Frost develops his   own quietly ironic contrast between the road along which the narrator travels, connecting marketplace to marketplace, promoting community and culture - and the white silence of the woods, where none of the ordinary limitations of the world seem to apply. In a minor key, they are caught also in the implicit comparison between the owner of these woods, who apparently regards them as a purely financial investment (he lives in the village) and the narrator who sees them, at leas t potentially, as a spiritual one.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This contrast between what might be termed, rather reductively perhaps, 'realistic' and 'romantic' attitudes is then sustained through the next two stanzas: the commonsensical response is now playfully attributed to the narrator's horse which, like any practical being, wants to get on down the road to food and shelter. The narrator himself, however, continues to be lured by the mysteries of the forest just as the Romantic poets were lured by the mysteries of otherness, sleep and death. And, as before, the contrast is a product of tone and texture as much as dramatic intimation: the poem communicates its debate in how it says things as much as in what it says. So, the harsh gutturals and abrupt movement of lines like, 'He gives his harness bells a shake / To ask if there is some mistake', give verbal shape to the matter-of-fact attitude attributed to the horse, just as the soothing sibilants and gently rocking motion of the lines that follo w this ('The only other sound's the sweep / Of easy wind and downy flake') offer a tonal equivalent of the strange, seductive world into which the narrator is tempted to move. 'Everything that is written', Frost once said, 'is as good as it is dramatic'; and in a poem like this the words of the poem become actors in the drama.

Ultrasound ? Quick Project :: essays research papers

Ultrasound – Quick Project Ultrasounds are sound waves with frequency beyond the human limits, therefore humans are unable to hear them. It even travels at exactly the same speed as sound in any medium. Humans can hear sound within the frequency range of about 20 to 20,000 Hz, so any sound above 20 kHz is ultrasound. Ultrasound or ultrasonography is a medical imaging technique that uses high frequency sound waves and their echoes. The technique is similar to the echolocation used by bats, whales and dolphins, as well as SONAR used by submarines. Ultrasound has very high frequency vibrations and can be used to clean things. Really dirty teeth can be cleaned superbly in this way. Really delicate mechanisms, such as in antique clocks and watches, can also be safely cleaned. Ultrasound for scanning is the most popular medical use. This is safer than using X-rays. Unborn babies can be seen by moving an ultrasonic transmitter across the mother’s stomach. The sound waves will be projected from the transmitter and the waves are able to travel from one part of the human being to the other. As it hits a tissue or an organ, some waves reflects and gives of echos which can build up a picture on the TV screen. The shorter the wavelength is, the finer the detail of the picture is. Its use in scanning goes far beyond pregnancies. Many other parts of the body are analysed using it (bladder gallstones, the heart, etc.). Ultrasound can even check airplane wings for cracks that would be invisible on the surface. Ships use SONAR to determine the depth of water they are in. Ultrasound is used here because they have a higher frequency and this allows it to penetrate further. However, the disadvantage is that it might scare the fishes away as it would be too noisy for them.

Managerial Skills – Essay

This essay will argue that without good managerial skills, a business is far from becoming successful. Firstly, this essay will discuss the importance of: communicating with foreign colleagues, wielding dealt Influence and delving attention deliberately to enhance proficiency of the workers, Secondly, It will evaluate and analyses how effective the three skills are In today's dynamic work environment. Based on some examples, the problems faced by managers will be transparent, and what precautions need to be taken should also be visible to help improve managerial skills.Communication for managers is the most important skill managers need to adapt fore any other skill because, if a manager is not flawless in communicating with colleagues or workers, then simply a manager has failed to be a manager. Communication is essential for effective functioning in every part of an organization which will facilitate organizational success (Effective Communication in the workplace, 2012). For examp le, Millions, (2012), a Korean CEO running a software company In Shanghai Is facing difficulties In retailing the Chinese workers.The mall problem faced by the CEO is language barrier so the decision- making process becomes tough for the CEO. Due to this effect, there will be an unskilled management team and this may result in boredom of the workers, delay in organizations project deadlines, reduced profits and lastly goodwill of the organization will be hampered. Without communication in today's environment, managerial work is not tough, it's merely impossible. Communication may be of two types, it may be verbal or non- verbal, managers need to be effective on both cases.Managers should be able to communicate non-verbally as good as they may communicate verbally. This is because sometimes agreements between businesses are sometimes done non- urbanely, In this case managers should be able to set out clearly his requirements and the terms and conditions of the agreement and also unde rstand clearly the opposing terms and conditions, otherwise the manager will cause a great mishap for the business and this will result in an adverse effect on reputation for the manager.A When all members of a team, department, or organization are able to communicate effectively with each other and with people outside their group, they are much more likely to perform well. The successful manager, therefore, needs effective communication skills in order to have a good workplace, become successful and attain the goals of the organization. Even though communication is the most important factor for a success seeking manager, nowadays digital influence is also one of the main factors which need to be taken into consideration by the managers.Technology in the workplace allows businesses to expand quickly and efficiently. Business technology such as video conferencing, social networks and virtual office technology has removed workplace boundaries that previously limited business expansion . With business technology, companies can target a wider customer base and grow to higher levels. A manager deeds to be flexible/adaptable to change in different environments (Required skills of a manager, 2012). A manager who is not familiar with latest technology, there will be less room for improvement for the organization.Most work nowadays is being done electronically, data analysis is done electronically and because of technology, information has become readily available to make better decisions and improvements. Digital influence has actually reduced the per head workforce needed at an organization, this means, a work that used to take two to three people to get done now can be done by one person using a computer. Office technology saves time by speeding up the work flow process. Technology systems save space, paper and printing costs. The use of computer systems allow corrections to be made instantly.Resources like electronic files and access to information technology are av ailable with the click of a button. By reducing the number of workers and using more technology, expenses for the organizations will fall resulting in increased profits. Technology in the workplace practically eliminates space and time. Video conferencing technology lets businesses on any part of the globe interact with one another. Technology reduces travel costs because businesses can set up virtual meetings and distribute data without the need to be in the same room. Technology allows businesses to establish a global presence at a fraction of the cost.Cromwell, (2009), sates a very important fact, ‘The role that technology plays for the business sector cannot be taken for granted. If we were to take away that technology trade and commerce, the world will come to a standstill and the global economy would collapse'. It is almost impossible to conduct a business without the use of technology. A simple example an be used, Dreamers, the founder and chief technology officer of Hu bbubs (web marketing company) has 216,000 Linked group for entrepreneurs and 98,000 twitter followers. How is this relevant to digital influence?Well, Dreamers uses his Linked members to get multi-rater feedback from other entrepreneurs for Stack overflow and also hosts Q community through where he gets valuable information for improvements. By doing this, Dreamers has managed to build his reputation, specialization and network position to one of the world's best marketing company (3 Management Skills every 21st century manager needs, 2012). This is why digital influence is necessary for every manager to become successful and achieve the Lastly, dividing attention deliberately, in other words attention to detail is also important for managers.At work places, people's minds normally drift away, this is normal as our minds are meant to multi task. Research has shown that internal factors (business related stress) rather than external factors (social stress) cause distractions. How can this be resolved? Managers need to focus on detail and make a job as less stressful as possible for employers, like when an employee takes a break o use social networks like Backbone or Twitter at a workplace, normally managers don't accept this type of behaviors, they consider it distracting. Actually, a study at the University of Melbourne of 300 students resulted in a really fascinating outcome.It showed that even though people use internet at workplace for socializing, their productivity increases by 10% (3 Management Skills every 21st century manager needs, 2012). There are other ways managers could actually increase effectiveness to become successful. Managers could have regular meetings with staff members, insult why there is a lack of performance, create pairs of employees so they may double-check work for errors and also managers may provide incentives for toughness (How to improve attention to detail in employees, 2012).Managers need to create a friendly environment for w orkers so they are not undermined by stress. Managers need to think from the organizations perspective, how the goals can be achieved and how effectively and efficiently they can be achieved. Managers to have a great skill for dividing attention deliberately, which is known as ‘Satisfying sessions', this means choose the first satisfactory alternative that comes to their attention and allocate work accordingly (Shoehorning, p. 75).Three major abilities managers need to consider in order to become successful: communicating effectively, technology innovation, and attention to detail. To conclude, managers who do not have the skills cited above will have a hard time in coping with the business world today, managers are responsible for making sure that this happens. If a team is working really hard but not delivering what is needed, then they are not effective. Effectiveness is measured by setting out clear objectives before work starts and then evaluating whether the objectives h ave been met or not.Managers not only need to be good at what they do, but their level of communication should be high in order to be an effective manager and by acquiring the three key skills, managers are well set off to becoming prosperous. In management, operating in efficient and in effective ways is a key to good performance and to successfully reaching the goals set for the business. Looking at the interplay of the two characteristics can give a clear insight into the ideal behavior for a successful anger when faced with tasks which must be completed quickly, but also completed in such a way that the key goals are attained.

Parts of a Newspaper Essay

A .Headline- the words are printed in a large type across the top or a news paper article to catch the reader’s attention B. Dateline- the words at the beginning of a news article that tell when and where the story was written. C. News article- in a news paper, a story about an event that has just taken place. D. Feature Article – a detailed report on a person, an issue, or an event. E. Editor – one of the people who run a newspaper F. Editorial – an article in which the Editors give their opinion on an important issue. G. International – tells you about the news across the continents. H. Business – tells you the things that are happening business-wise. (media and advertising, world business, economy, stock markets, mutual funds, etc. I. Technology – contains things that are going in and out of style in the technology world. J. Science – contains things that are happening in medical world. (e.g. outer space, environment, etc.) K. Health – talks about modern day human health and health problems. I. Sports – talks about games. (ball games, Olympic games, SEA games, etc.) M. Education – contains the trend n the world of education. (students’ Achievement, schools, etc.) N. Weather – contains the weather for the day O. Obituaries – contains people who passed away and their death should be mentioned to the community. P. Classified Ads – contains open jobs and job description plus job requirements. Other parts include: Cover Page Story, Table of Contents, Editors Pool, Entertainment, etc. Commentary is a series of giving explanations and interpretations Guidelines in Writing a Commentary: There is no recipe for doing commentaries. The elements that make up a successful commentary tend to vary and will depend on the nature of the text and on particular approaches to it. Nor is there a single ‘right answer’ to any passage for commentary. A good commentary may well consist of a number of pertinent questions raised by the passage. However, certain tendencies should be avoided: 1. A commentary should not be prà ©cis of the passage. Summary and description are not commentary. 2. A commentary should not dwell on the context of the passage and should in general avoid venturing into other parts of the work from which the extract is taken. IT should likewise avoid excursions into the wider oeuvre of the author 3. It is not necessary to write out quotations from the passage this can waste valuable time. The following points should be considered: 1. A commentary benefits by paying close attention to the use of language. 2. 2. IT is important to pay attention to the means of representation and to address not only the quest of WHAT is said but of HOW it is said. 3. There is no need to ascribe to the text a definitive meaning or structure. It is fine to problematize the text. Critique – is a method of disciplined systematic analysis of a written or oral discourse. Critique is commonly understood as fault finding and negative judgement, but I can also involve merit recognition, and in the philosophical tradition. It also means a methodical practice of doubt. The contemporary sense of critique has been largely influenced by the enlightenment critique of prejudice and authority, which championed the emancipation and autonomy from religion and political authorities. Critique is an accepted format of written or oral debate. Stating a Purpose: * It is important to state your purpose clearly at the beginning of your talk. Here are some ways to do this: * *talk about – to speak about a subject Example: I’d like to talk about our plans for the new site. * *report on – to tell you about what has been dine. * Example: I’ll be reporting on the progress we have made since last meeting. * *take a look at – examine * Example: First, let’s take a loo at what we have achieved so far. * *tell you about – to give someone information or instruction. * Example: Our reporters will tell you about what is happening in Visayas. * *show – to explain something by doing * Example: The object of the orientation is to show you how to put the theory into practice. * Outline – to give the main facts or information * Example: Give me an outline of the new policy. * *Fill you in on – to give extra or missing information * Example: I will fill you in on the details you just missed during the meeting. * *Give an overview of – to give a short description with general information but with no details. * *highlight – draw attention to or emphasize important facts. * *discuss – to talk about ideas or opinions on subject in more detail

Arthur Millers Life and Influences Essay

Arthur Miller has been one of Americas best known play writers who emerged in the United States since World War II. He has been writing since the age of seventeen and bases his work on personal experiences while attacking political views. One of his best known works is The Death of a Salesman which is about a man named Willy Loman who tries to emerge in the business industry and present a better image of him in society. Another important play is The Crucible which is about the Salem witch trials in Massachusetts where people blame one another of being witches to save themselves. Through his plays, Death of a Salesman and The Crucible, Arthur Miller expresses his own personal life and criticizes the events of the second Red Scare after World War II. As a young adult, Arthur Miller worked in his father’s textile mill and would observe the behaviors of the employees. Miller would analyze his father, relatives or other hired business men working for his father, and saw how these men tried so hard to become successful because some couldn’t even sell anything. He would recognize how fast they would age because of so much work they went through just to try and rise economically. During the 1920s people felt that if they had money they would be accepted by society. If not then no one would care. Like many people Arthur Miller realized that the people in his father’s factory are disillusioned by the fact of becoming rich, successful and beating everyone else at the business game. While working there Miller started writing a short story in which he was influenced by the salesman in the factory. Manny Newman was one of Arthur Miller’s uncles that worked as a salesman in his father’s textile factory and after writing the short story his uncle’s life influenced Miller even more. Newman was often very competitive with the other salesman in the industry, even his own sons Buddy and Abby Loman. Buddy was the oldest son of Newman who was very athletic and popular with the girls but didn’t end up graduating from high school. Abby was his youngest son who was well on his way but still wasn’t sure about his life career. Miller said that â€Å"The Newman house hold was one in which you dared not lose hope and I would later think of it as a perfection of America for that reason†¦ It was a house trembling with resolution and shouts of victories that had not yet taken place but surely would tomorrow. â€Å"(Arthur Miller 3) It describes the disillusionment of the Newman family which later caused Arthur Miller to rewrite his short story, turn into a play and name it The Death of a Salesman. In Arthur Miller’s play, The Death of Salesman, he reflects upon the society he observed and their determination to succeed even when their dream was not going anywhere they wanted it to be. In the play, Miller asserts that â€Å"the underlying struggle of all such dramas is that of the individual attempting to gain his rightful position in society. †(Thompson 1). He compares Willy Loman to Manny Newman, his uncle, and tells the story of the family and his struggle to achieve his American dream of wealth. Like Newman, the character, Willy Loman tries to fit into society because society would not accept him as a failure. â€Å"He has based his own identity and self-worth on social acceptance—on how â€Å"well-liked† he is† (Thompson 2). Willy Loman constantly tried to find ways to sell things or become wealthy but he never succeeded. This causes Willy to feel out of place in society just like Newman and other people who weren’t wealthy in the 1920s because society would not care for the common man. Willy Loman is the biggest symbol in The Death of a Salesman; he is an important figure of society and commits himself to a fake society which blinds him from the values of human experience. In addition through his whole life and career, he has wanted to be wealthy but never succeeded his â€Å"American Dream†. Willy Loman â€Å"†¦Has completely sold himself to what is at best an anachronistic dream—that anyone can get ahead. This is what he has been brought up to believe, the promise of his mythic (salesman) heroes. † (Gordon 3). This shows how he always compared himself to other wealthy people like his brother and complained how his brother became wealthy but yet he never did when he had the same choice as his brother. He was disillusioned by the fact that he wanted a successful family so he even tried to push his own sons into the business industry because he believed it was the best choice for them. His two sons didn’t want to be salesmen and weren’t even good at it especially his son Biff. Willy worried about who Biff was going to be because he was the oldest and still didn’t have a manageable career or life. â€Å"He commits suicide to give his sons the only thing his society respects—cash. †(Gordon 2). Willy believed that he was more valuable dead than alive and was the only way he could give money to his sons. He wanted them to be recognized in the civilization so killing himself was the only alternative. Using his life insurance he would give money to his family making them wealthy and cceptable in society just like in his â€Å"American Dream†. Miller was also influenced by McCarthyism an important event in history and his life during the 1940s and 50s after world war two. Ever since the end of WWII the United States citizens have been blaming the social unrest on communist. Many people were afraid that the communists would take over and no one knew what communist looked like so they easily blamed people for the smallest things. â€Å"Communist rhetoric became common among displaced workers as well as artist and intellectuals† (McCarthyism 2009). Anybody who questioned or protested against laws in the United States would easily be blamed as a communist because they would be going against their own country. There was a growing paranoia as the time went on and many people wanted to stop communism from spreading which became the central theme of American policy both at home and work. Even then the people had already been losing their rights and privacy â€Å"Smith Act was passed, making it illegal to advocate the violent overthrow of government. Various loyalty programs designed to weed out communist from jobs in the federal government were put into place†¦ (McCarthyism 2009). The United States was coming into full chaos because even at one point they were blaming European immigrants of being communist because that is where it first emerged. Even many Russians were being deported to keep communism away according to some people and make the United States citizens feel safe and secure. McCarthyism first started with the senator Joseph McCarthy accusing others of being communist to only make himself look better. Joseph McCarthy was not the best senator and had many problems like temperance. Many people did not like him and he was afraid of losing his position so his only alternative was to seem like a hero. â€Å"McCarthy and his allies claimed that communist had infiltrated the government and other institutions†¦the attacks were baseless but nevertheless destroyed the careers of thousands of individuals. †(McCarthyism 2009). Calming others were communist made it look like he was saving the world. Many people were intimidated by McCarthy and some told the truth but McCarthy took the alternative of not believing them because it was more reasonable for some Americans to believe they told a lie instead of the truth. As a result the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was created which attacked anybody who was blamed of being communist and Joseph McCarthy was a member of this Committee because he was the first to raise this paranoia even more. He took the advantage of the second Red Scare to make himself seem like a more productive senator. â€Å"HUAC members would browbeat their prey-some of whom were there on the basis of the flimsiest of evidence. Admitting their own past ties to the communist party†¦others who participated with them. (McCarthyism 2009). HUAC had the right to question anybody for any suspicion and invade their privacy. It showed how much America has changed because of some hysteria that people fell into because of a man wanting to be a hero. Arthur Miller was one of the targets of the HUAC members who was committed of being a communist by Joseph McCarthy. Joseph McCarthy often went against artist and other media arts members because they were the ones who often criticized the society in the United States through their media works. Arthur Miller was a playwright and had plays to show his work live during this time and they felt that he projected communism at his own plays. â€Å"He admitted that he had attended a meeting of communist writers, he refused to identify anyone he had met there and denied ever having been a member of the communist party† (Baughman 3). This made Arthur miller realize that the society then was like the society during the Puritan Era when people blamed each other of being witches. This later influenced him to write his book The Crucible a year later after his conviction. Millers The Crucible first started because of the accusations in United States which reflected upon the Salem witch trials in 1692. â€Å"Millers play employs these historical events to criticize the moments in human kinds history when reason and fact became clouded by irrational fears and the desire to place blame for society’s problems on others. †(DISCovering Authross,2003). Puritans accepted accusations and anything that might seem unreal so people could easily tell lies. They wouldn’t take reason into consideration and it involved hunting down and exposing of people suspected of being witches exactly like HUAC hunting down communist. Arthur miller wrote The Crucible as a commentary on McCarthyism then the actual Salem witch trials. Although the book does take place in Massachusetts during the Salem witch trials he wrote the book to show what was wrong with the American society. â€Å"Miller illustrates his conviction that one can assert his â€Å"personality dignity† and â€Å"act against the scheme of things that degrades. † (Gordon 2). Miller expresses that idea through John proctor who won’t cooperate with the court on the witch trails and has his own opinion on what to believe. He doesn’t fall into the ideas that witchcraft is taking over just like Miller doesn’t cooperate with HUAC or falls into the chaos going on in his time period. As a result of this book miller was accused of being a communist again and later left the U. S. because he felt that everything in the society has gone too far and became a British citizen. Through his works we can see how Miller attacks the society that supposedly â€Å"rewards† the people with freedom because it is their right. Miller creates allusions through real life experiences that he has been through which is one of the reasons why his works have been so influential and prestigious. McCarthyism played a big role on The Crucible reflecting a modern society with the old Puritan era society saying that society has and never will change. As for The Death of a Salesman we can see how much the American dream has blinded people to try and achieve something they most likely never will and try to be fake to achieve it. People need to learn to face reality and accept it how it is because many people are lost only because they won’t accept their own.